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​Herpes simplex viruses are enveloped particles that enter most cells by fusion with the plasma membrane of their host cells. This releases the nucleocapsids and some tegument components into the cytoplasm, while leaving the viral glycoproteins at the cell surface and freeing most of the tegument in the cell. The virus then travels on the cytoskeleton and reaches the nuclear pore, where it inject its DNA genome into the nucleus. Viral gene replication and expression and incorporation of the newly made copies of the genome into newly assembled viral particles takes place in the nucleus. The capsids, too large to escape through the nuclear pore, bud into the inner nuclear membrane to produce short-lived perinuclear virions. These virions then fuse with the outer nuclear membrane to release non-enveloped nucleocapsids in the cytoplasm. They then acquire their final envelope from an intracellular compartment such as the TGN and are exocytosed at the cell surface.

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